Detailed Results for John le Breton

Name	Guild	Held Office
le Breton, John		1289-90 Warden¹ 1290-91 Warden² 1292-93 Warden (replaced Ralph de Sandwich³) 1293-94 Warden⁴ 1294-95 Warden 1295-96 Warden 1296-97 Warden 1297-98 Warden (until Apr. 1298⁵) 1288-89 Warden⁶
Notes Stow/K II.385 provides a long note (to II.160 line 19): that in [British Library] Cotton MS. Julius B.II and in LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006, fo. 232r) Ralph de Sandwich is said to have been custos [i.e., warden] until the day after [12 June] St. Barnabas Apostle, 1294, but that in the Liber Custumarum Sandwich is said to have been removed before the Feast of the Purification [2 Feb.] 1289, with Ralph de Berners [Barnauars, Stow/K II.160] appointed in his place, and then in turn replaced as warden within a few days by John le Breton. Then in 19 Edward I [20 Nov. 1290 to 19 Nov. 1291] Sandwich was reinstated: around the feast of St. Margaret [20 July 1291], according to the Liber Custumarum. (Both Sandwich and le Breton are here spelled as in Beaven, although in his three uses of the name le Breton Beaven I.370 once uses the form 'de Breton'.) Annales Londonienses pp. 96-97 has Sandwich first deposed as Constable of the Tower before 2 Feb. 1289, with Berners replacing him there, and then replaced as warden of the city by le Breton the Monday after 2 Feb., with both Berners and le Breton removed and Sandwich reinstated as Constable [and presumably also as warden?] c. 20 July 1289. Sandwich is then again listed as warden, with Soloman le Coteler and Fulk St. Edmond as sheriffs, in 1290. A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), lists Sandwich as warden 1285-89 and 1289-92, and le Breton as mayor in 1289. It also indicates that le Breton's 1289 mayoralty was his second (and see n. to Sandwich warden 1285-86), although his name does not appear on the list earlier; but it then repeats the second-time designation for le Breton as warden in 1293-98. Stow/K II.385 provides a long note (to II.160 line 19): that in [British Library] Cotton MS. Julius B.II and in LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006, fo. 232r) Ralph de Sandwich is said to have been custos [i.e., warden] until the day after [12 June] St. Barnabas Apostle, 1294, but that in the Liber Custumarum Sandwich is said to have been removed before the Feast of the Purification [2 Feb.] 1289, with Ralph de Berners [Barnauars, Stow/K II.160] appointed in his place, and then in turn replaced as warden within a few days by John le Breton. Then in 19 Edward I [20 Nov. 1290 to 19 Nov. 1291] Sandwich was reinstated: around the feast of St. Margaret [20 July 1291], according to the Liber Custumarum. (Both Sandwich and le Breton are here spelled as in Beaven, although in his three uses of the name le Breton Beaven I.370 once uses the form 'de Breton'.) Annales Londonienses pp. 96-97 has Sandwich first deposed as Constable of the Tower before 2 Feb. 1289, with Berners replacing him there, and then replaced as warden of the city by le Breton the Monday after 2 Feb., with both Berners and le Breton removed and Sandwich reinstated as Constable [and presumably also as warden?] c. 20 July 1289. Sandwich is then again listed as warden, with Soloman le Coteler and Fulk St. Edmond as sheriffs, in 1290. A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), lists Sandwich as warden 1285-89 and 1289-92, and le Breton as mayor in 1289. It also indicates that le Breton's 1289 mayoralty was his second (and see n. to Sandwich warden 1285-86), although his name does not appear on the list earlier; but it then repeats the second-time designation for le Breton as warden in 1293-98. LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006) fo. 232r (under Anno 15) states that Ralph de Sandwich's wardenship ceased on 12 June 1294; and Stow/K II.160-161 lists Sandwich as warden for 1292-93 and 1293-94 (with a note incorrectly citing LBF for John le Breton as becoming warden on 11 June 1294). But elsewhere (see LBF fo. 232r under Anno 21, and Calendar LBF p. 282 n. 5) the ending year given for Sandwich is 21 Edward I [20 Nov. 1292 to 19 Nov. 1293]; and in LBA (LMA: COL/AD/01/001) le Breton is named as warden in all of late June 1293, July 1293, and Mar. 1294 (fos. 87v, 88r, 96v). (A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), also gives le Breton as warden 1293-98.) LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006) fo. 232r (under Anno 15) states that Ralph de Sandwich's wardenship ceased on 12 June 1294; and Stow/K II.160-161 lists Sandwich as warden for 1292-93 and 1293-94 (with a note incorrectly citing LBF for John le Breton as becoming warden on 11 June 1294). But elsewhere (see LBF fo. 232r under Anno 21, and Calendar LBF p. 282 n. 5) the ending year given for Sandwich is 21 Edward I [20 Nov. 1292 to 19 Nov. 1293]; and in LBA (LMA: COL/AD/01/001) le Breton is named as warden in all of late June 1293, July 1293, and Mar. 1294 (fos. 87v, 88r, 96v). (A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), also gives le Breton as warden 1293-98.) According to LBB (LMA: COL/AD/01/002) fo. 93r (and Liber Albus p. 16), the king and his council granted to London on 9 Apr. 1298 the election of the mayoralty; and Henry le Waleys was elected mayor on 11 Apr., presented to the king at Fulham on 16 Apr., and sworn at Westminster on 17 Apr. Sharpe (Calendar LBB p. 212 n. 2) says that the charter of restitution of the city's liberties is dated 11 Apr. 1298, and correctly notes (p. 213 n. 1) that LBC [LMA: COL/AD/01/003] fo. 24v shows the king's writ to the Barons of the Exchequer, notifying them of the restitution, as dated 28 May 1298 from York, with le Waleys elected and presented to the king at Fulham the following day. See also Calendar LBB p. 217 and n. 1; and the writ here (LBB [LMA: COL/AD/01/002], fo. 94r) is said to have been sent to the Exchequer in June. Stow/K II.385 provides a long note (to II.160 line 19): that in [British Library] Cotton MS. Julius B.II and in LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006, fo. 232r) Ralph de Sandwich is said to have been custos [i.e., warden] until the day after [12 June] St. Barnabas Apostle, 1294, but that in the Liber Custumarum Sandwich is said to have been removed before the Feast of the Purification [2 Feb.] 1289, with Ralph de Berners [Barnauars, Stow/K II.160] appointed in his place, and then in turn replaced as warden within a few days by John le Breton. Then in 19 Edward I [20 Nov. 1290 to 19 Nov. 1291] Sandwich was reinstated: around the feast of St. Margaret [20 July 1291], according to the Liber Custumarum. (Both Sandwich and le Breton are here spelled as in Beaven, although in his three uses of the name le Breton Beaven I.370 once uses the form 'de Breton'.) Annales Londonienses pp. 96-97 has Sandwich first deposed as Constable of the Tower before 2 Feb. 1289, with Berners replacing him there, and then replaced as warden of the city by le Breton the Monday after 2 Feb., with both Berners and le Breton removed and Sandwich reinstated as Constable [and presumably also as warden?] c. 20 July 1289. Sandwich is then again listed as warden, with Soloman le Coteler and Fulk St. Edmond as sheriffs, in 1290. A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), lists Sandwich as warden 1285-89 and 1289-92, and le Breton as mayor in 1289. It also indicates that le Breton's 1289 mayoralty was his second (and see n. to Sandwich warden 1285-86), although his name does not appear on the list earlier; but it then repeats the second-time designation for le Breton as warden in 1293-98. Note Sources Annales Londonienses: Annales Londonienses, in Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I. and Edward II., ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series #76, vol. 1. London: HMSO, 1882. Pp. 1-251. Liber Custumarum: Liber Custumarum, in Munimenta Gildhallae Londoniensis, ed. Henry Thomas Riley, II.1. Rolls Series #12. London: HMSO, 1860; rpt. Nendeln, Liechtenstein: Kraus, 1967. Beaven: Alfred B. Beaven, The Aldermen of the City of London. 2 vols. London: Corporation of London, 1908-13. LB: Letter Book. Manuscript series (from A onward: LBA, LBB, etc.) at The London Archives, City of London (formerly the London Metropolitan Archives: LMA). LMA: Prefix to the catalogue number of a manuscript available for consultation at either The London Archives, City of London (formerly the London Metropolitan Archives: LMA) or, if a company manuscript, the Guildhall Library. Stow/K: John Stow, A Survey of London, ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908. Calendar LB: Calendar of Letter-Books Preserved Among the Archives of the Corporation of the City of London at the Guildhall, ed. Reginald R. Sharpe. 11 vols. (A-I, K-L). London: Corporation of London, 1889-1912. Liber Albus: Liber Albus: The White Book of the City of London, ed. and trans Henry Thomas Riley. London: Richard Griffin, 1861.

Name

Guild

Held Office

le Breton, John

1289-90 Warden¹
1290-91 Warden²
1292-93 Warden (replaced Ralph de Sandwich³)
1293-94 Warden⁴
1294-95 Warden
1295-96 Warden
1296-97 Warden
1297-98 Warden (until Apr. 1298⁵)
1288-89 Warden⁶

Notes

Stow/K II.385 provides a long note (to II.160 line 19): that in [British Library] Cotton MS. Julius B.II and in LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006, fo. 232r) Ralph de Sandwich is said to have been custos [i.e., warden] until the day after [12 June] St. Barnabas Apostle, 1294, but that in the Liber Custumarum Sandwich is said to have been removed before the Feast of the Purification [2 Feb.] 1289, with Ralph de Berners [Barnauars, Stow/K II.160] appointed in his place, and then in turn replaced as warden within a few days by John le Breton. Then in 19 Edward I [20 Nov. 1290 to 19 Nov. 1291] Sandwich was reinstated: around the feast of St. Margaret [20 July 1291], according to the Liber Custumarum. (Both Sandwich and le Breton are here spelled as in Beaven, although in his three uses of the name le Breton Beaven I.370 once uses the form 'de Breton'.) Annales Londonienses pp. 96-97 has Sandwich first deposed as Constable of the Tower before 2 Feb. 1289, with Berners replacing him there, and then replaced as warden of the city by le Breton the Monday after 2 Feb., with both Berners and le Breton removed and Sandwich reinstated as Constable [and presumably also as warden?] c. 20 July 1289. Sandwich is then again listed as warden, with Soloman le Coteler and Fulk St. Edmond as sheriffs, in 1290. A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), lists Sandwich as warden 1285-89 and 1289-92, and le Breton as mayor in 1289. It also indicates that le Breton's 1289 mayoralty was his second (and see n. to Sandwich warden 1285-86), although his name does not appear on the list earlier; but it then repeats the second-time designation for le Breton as warden in 1293-98.
Stow/K II.385 provides a long note (to II.160 line 19): that in [British Library] Cotton MS. Julius B.II and in LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006, fo. 232r) Ralph de Sandwich is said to have been custos [i.e., warden] until the day after [12 June] St. Barnabas Apostle, 1294, but that in the Liber Custumarum Sandwich is said to have been removed before the Feast of the Purification [2 Feb.] 1289, with Ralph de Berners [Barnauars, Stow/K II.160] appointed in his place, and then in turn replaced as warden within a few days by John le Breton. Then in 19 Edward I [20 Nov. 1290 to 19 Nov. 1291] Sandwich was reinstated: around the feast of St. Margaret [20 July 1291], according to the Liber Custumarum. (Both Sandwich and le Breton are here spelled as in Beaven, although in his three uses of the name le Breton Beaven I.370 once uses the form 'de Breton'.) Annales Londonienses pp. 96-97 has Sandwich first deposed as Constable of the Tower before 2 Feb. 1289, with Berners replacing him there, and then replaced as warden of the city by le Breton the Monday after 2 Feb., with both Berners and le Breton removed and Sandwich reinstated as Constable [and presumably also as warden?] c. 20 July 1289. Sandwich is then again listed as warden, with Soloman le Coteler and Fulk St. Edmond as sheriffs, in 1290. A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), lists Sandwich as warden 1285-89 and 1289-92, and le Breton as mayor in 1289. It also indicates that le Breton's 1289 mayoralty was his second (and see n. to Sandwich warden 1285-86), although his name does not appear on the list earlier; but it then repeats the second-time designation for le Breton as warden in 1293-98.
LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006) fo. 232r (under Anno 15) states that Ralph de Sandwich's wardenship ceased on 12 June 1294; and Stow/K II.160-161 lists Sandwich as warden for 1292-93 and 1293-94 (with a note incorrectly citing LBF for John le Breton as becoming warden on 11 June 1294). But elsewhere (see LBF fo. 232r under Anno 21, and Calendar LBF p. 282 n. 5) the ending year given for Sandwich is 21 Edward I [20 Nov. 1292 to 19 Nov. 1293]; and in LBA (LMA: COL/AD/01/001) le Breton is named as warden in all of late June 1293, July 1293, and Mar. 1294 (fos. 87v, 88r, 96v). (A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), also gives le Breton as warden 1293-98.)
LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006) fo. 232r (under Anno 15) states that Ralph de Sandwich's wardenship ceased on 12 June 1294; and Stow/K II.160-161 lists Sandwich as warden for 1292-93 and 1293-94 (with a note incorrectly citing LBF for John le Breton as becoming warden on 11 June 1294). But elsewhere (see LBF fo. 232r under Anno 21, and Calendar LBF p. 282 n. 5) the ending year given for Sandwich is 21 Edward I [20 Nov. 1292 to 19 Nov. 1293]; and in LBA (LMA: COL/AD/01/001) le Breton is named as warden in all of late June 1293, July 1293, and Mar. 1294 (fos. 87v, 88r, 96v). (A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), also gives le Breton as warden 1293-98.)
According to LBB (LMA: COL/AD/01/002) fo. 93r (and Liber Albus p. 16), the king and his council granted to London on 9 Apr. 1298 the election of the mayoralty; and Henry le Waleys was elected mayor on 11 Apr., presented to the king at Fulham on 16 Apr., and sworn at Westminster on 17 Apr. Sharpe (Calendar LBB p. 212 n. 2) says that the charter of restitution of the city's liberties is dated 11 Apr. 1298, and correctly notes (p. 213 n. 1) that LBC [LMA: COL/AD/01/003] fo. 24v shows the king's writ to the Barons of the Exchequer, notifying them of the restitution, as dated 28 May 1298 from York, with le Waleys elected and presented to the king at Fulham the following day. See also Calendar LBB p. 217 and n. 1; and the writ here (LBB [LMA: COL/AD/01/002], fo. 94r) is said to have been sent to the Exchequer in June.
Stow/K II.385 provides a long note (to II.160 line 19): that in [British Library] Cotton MS. Julius B.II and in LBF (LMA: COL/AD/01/006, fo. 232r) Ralph de Sandwich is said to have been custos [i.e., warden] until the day after [12 June] St. Barnabas Apostle, 1294, but that in the Liber Custumarum Sandwich is said to have been removed before the Feast of the Purification [2 Feb.] 1289, with Ralph de Berners [Barnauars, Stow/K II.160] appointed in his place, and then in turn replaced as warden within a few days by John le Breton. Then in 19 Edward I [20 Nov. 1290 to 19 Nov. 1291] Sandwich was reinstated: around the feast of St. Margaret [20 July 1291], according to the Liber Custumarum. (Both Sandwich and le Breton are here spelled as in Beaven, although in his three uses of the name le Breton Beaven I.370 once uses the form 'de Breton'.) Annales Londonienses pp. 96-97 has Sandwich first deposed as Constable of the Tower before 2 Feb. 1289, with Berners replacing him there, and then replaced as warden of the city by le Breton the Monday after 2 Feb., with both Berners and le Breton removed and Sandwich reinstated as Constable [and presumably also as warden?] c. 20 July 1289. Sandwich is then again listed as warden, with Soloman le Coteler and Fulk St. Edmond as sheriffs, in 1290. A handlist of mayors from the former Corporation of London Records Office, dating from the late 1970s or earlier (personal acquisition c. 1977-78), lists Sandwich as warden 1285-89 and 1289-92, and le Breton as mayor in 1289. It also indicates that le Breton's 1289 mayoralty was his second (and see n. to Sandwich warden 1285-86), although his name does not appear on the list earlier; but it then repeats the second-time designation for le Breton as warden in 1293-98.

Note Sources

Annales Londonienses: Annales Londonienses, in Chronicles of the Reigns of Edward I. and Edward II., ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series #76, vol. 1. London: HMSO, 1882. Pp. 1-251.
Liber Custumarum: Liber Custumarum, in Munimenta Gildhallae Londoniensis, ed. Henry Thomas Riley, II.1. Rolls Series #12. London: HMSO, 1860; rpt. Nendeln, Liechtenstein: Kraus, 1967.
Beaven: Alfred B. Beaven, The Aldermen of the City of London. 2 vols. London: Corporation of London, 1908-13.
LB: Letter Book. Manuscript series (from A onward: LBA, LBB, etc.) at The London Archives, City of London (formerly the London Metropolitan Archives: LMA).
LMA: Prefix to the catalogue number of a manuscript available for consultation at either The London Archives, City of London (formerly the London Metropolitan Archives: LMA) or, if a company manuscript, the Guildhall Library.
Stow/K: John Stow, A Survey of London, ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908.
Calendar LB: Calendar of Letter-Books Preserved Among the Archives of the Corporation of the City of London at the Guildhall, ed. Reginald R. Sharpe. 11 vols. (A-I, K-L). London: Corporation of London, 1889-1912.
Liber Albus: Liber Albus: The White Book of the City of London, ed. and trans Henry Thomas Riley. London: Richard Griffin, 1861.

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